أولا: الطابع العقائدي: البنوك الإسل

أولا: الطابع العقائدي:
البنوك الإسلامية هي جزء من النظام الاقتصادي الإسلامي باعتباره أن الدين الإسلامي جاء منظما لجميع حياة البشر (الروحية والخلقية والاجتماعية والسياسية والاقتصادية) كذا تخضع البنوك الإسلامية للمبادئ والقيم الإسلامية والتي تقوم على أساس أن المال مال الله سبحانه وتعالى وأن الإنسان مستخلف فيه وسيحاسب عليه في الآخرة كما قال سبحانه وتعالى: " وَأَنْفِقُوا مِمَا جَعَلَكُمْ مُسْتَخْلَفِينَ فِيهِ ( ) .
وكذلك قوله تعالى: " وَيَسْتَخْلِفَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيَنظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ ( ) وقوله: " وَآتُوهُمْ مِنْ مَالِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ" ( ).
ويترتب على هذه الخاصية أن تتحرى البنوك الإسلامية التوجيهات الدينية من جميع أعمالها، ولتفعيل هذه الخاصية تقوم البنوك الإسلامية بتعيين هيئات للرقابة الشرعية تضم نخبة من علماء الفقه والاقتصاد الإسلامي وتعرض عليها جميع أعمالها، وتتولى مسؤولية مراقبة أعمالها لضمان توافقها مع الشريعة الإسلامية، وتؤدي هذه الميزة للبنوك الإسلامية إلى ارتفاع دورها الاجتماعي من خلال التوازن بين مصالحها الخاصة والمصلحة الاجتماعية فهي تراعي المصالح الاجتماعية ولو أدى ذلك إلى التضحية ببعض مصالحها الخاصة.
ثانيا: عدم التعامل بالفائدة
الأساس الذي قامت عليه البنوك الإسلامية هو تطهير العمل المصرفي من إثم الربا، وهذا هو الفارق الجوهري بينها وبين البنوك التقليدية، التي تعتمد على أسلوب الفائدة (القرض نظير نسبة محددة من العائد مرتبطة بالزمن)، وهذا الأسلوب هو من الربا الذي حرمته الشريعة الإسلامية تحريما قاعا وتوعد سبحانه وتعالى مرتكبيه بالحرب كما يقول في كتابه الكريم: "يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَذَرُوا مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ الرِّبَا إِنْ كُنتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا فَأْذَنُوا بِحَرْبٍ مِنْ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَإِنْ تُبْتُمْ فَلَكُمْ رُءُوسُ أَمْوَالِكُمْ لَا تَظْلِمُونَ وَلَا تُظْلَمُونَ" ( ) .

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 1:

First: the ideological character: Islamic banks are part of the economic system of Islam as the religion of Islam was organized for all human life (spiritual, moral and political, economic and social) as well as Islamic banks are subject to Islamic principles and values which are based on the premise that money money Almighty God and that he will judge him and subordinate position than human in the afterlife as the Almighty said: "they spent it making whereof he has made (). As well as the verse: "and create havoc in the land and consider how you work () and saying:" money and believing God that there "().It follows this property to investigate religious guidance in all Islamic banks work and activate this property of Islamic banks to appoint supervisory bodies comprised of elite scholars of Fiqh and Islamic Economics and offer her all the work and responsibility for monitoring their work to ensure compatibility with Islamic law, this feature of Islamic banks to higher social role through a balance of interests and social interest are social interests and if it led to sacrifice some of their own interests.II: non-interest dealThe basis of Islamic banks banking business is cleared from the sin of usury, that is the essential difference between them and the traditional banks, which depend on the interest method (peer loan a certain percentage of revenue associated with time), this method is of usury which denied him Islamic law strictly prohibits bottom vowed Almighty perpetrators of war says in his Holy Book: "o you who believe, fear Allah and leave off what remains of usury, if you are believers, do not do it authorized a war from Allah and his Messenger, and Toub for You activate your wealth behold, behold "().

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 2:

First: the character of the dogmatic:
Islamic banks are part of the Islamic economic system as the Islamic religion was organized for all human life (spiritual, moral, social, political and economic) as well as Islamic banks to Islamic principles and values, which are based on the grounds that the money capital of Almighty God and that man Mstkhalaf the subject and will be held accountable in the hereafter as the Almighty said: "and spend of that which made ​​you Mstkhalafin it (.)
as well as the verse:" and Astkhalafkm in the ground are seen how do you () and saying: "the illusions of money which God whatsoever" ().
it follows on this property to investigate Islamic banks religious guidance of all their work, and enable this feature based Islamic banks set the bodies Sharia includes a selection of Fiqh and Islamic economics scholars and offer to all its work, and is responsible for monitoring their work to ensure compliance with the Islamic Sharia, this feature plays for Islamic banks to higher social role of during the balance between their own interests and social interest they take into account the social interests even if that leads to sacrifice some of their own interests.
Second , not to deal beneficial
foundation of the Islamic banks is to cleanse the banking business of the sin of usury, this is the essential difference between them and conventional banks, which rely interest method (loan match a certain percentage of the yield time - bound), and this method is usury , which deprived him of Islamic law forbidden bottomed and vowed to Almighty perpetrators of war says in the Holy Qur'an: "O ye who believe , fear Allah and give up what remains of usury, if ye believers, if they do not take a notice of war from Allah and His Messenger , but if you have the heads of money does not do wrong , nor do wrong "().

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 3:

First, the ideological nature.Islamic banks are part of the Islamic economic system as the religion of Islam came to an all human life (spiritual, moral, social, political and economic) that governed the Islamic banks the Islamic principles and values which are based on the money God Almighty, and the human and which will be charged Mstkhlf hereafter as the Almighty said: "Waaanfequwa Memaa Jaalakum Mustakhlafeyna Feyhe ().As well as the verse: "Wayastakhlefakum inside the earth Fayanzura how can Tamaluwna (), saying:" Waatuwhum from Maale Allah, whom Ataakum "().The characteristic of Islamic banks to investigate religious guidance of all the work, to the characteristic of the Islamic banks appointed a legitimate oversight bodies, comprising a group of scientists Islamic economics and jurisprudence, and in all of its work, is responsible for the monitoring work to ensure that they comply with Islamic law, and the feature of Islamic banks to increase their social role. The balance between their own interests and social interest E they take into account social interests even at the sacrifice of some of their own interests.Secondly, deal of benefitThe basis of the Islamic banks is cleared the banking business of the sin of usury; this is the essential difference between traditional banks, which rely on the interest method the loan equivalent rate of return are in time), this method is sacred Islamic law prohibition of riba Qaa war as the Almighty perpetrators in his holy book says: "O Aayauhaa Alaadheyna Amanuwa Ataaquwa Allaaha Wadharuwa never Baqeya from Al Raebaa if Kuntum Mumeneyna, Faaen didn"t Tafaluwa Faadhanuwa Beharben from Allah, Warasuwlehe Waaen Tubtum Falakum Ruuwsu Aamwaalekum LAA Tazlemuwna neither Tuzlamuwna "().