معركة حطينيعتقد بعض الناس أن معركة

معركة حطين

يعتقد بعض الناس أن معركة حطين نهاية الفرنج في المنطقة ، والحقيقة أنها بداية النهاية ، إذ استمرت الحروب بعدها قرابة القرن انتهت أخيراً باقتلاع الممالك الإفرنجية من ساحل الشام وفلسطين ، فحطين لم تحطم ممالك الفرنج ولم تقض عليها نهائياً ، بل أسست بداية جديدة لموازين القوى ، وأكدت أن قوة الفرنج يمكن أن تقهر ، فقد كانت معركة فاصلة بين حدين ، أي أنها ختمت مرحلة التراجع والهزائم وأسست مرحلة الانتصارات والتقدم .
لقد بدأ صلاح الدين بداية حكمه مصر عام 564 هـ ، وأول مواجهة جدية كانت له مع الصليبيين هي حطين وذلك عام 583هـ ، وبين هذين التاريخين مناوشات محدودة مع الصليبيين ، فصلاح الدين لم يستل سيفه منذ اليوم الأول وبدأ هجومه المعاكس على الممالك الإفرنجية بل أخذ وقته في الإعداد والتنظيم والدراسة والمراقبة وتفحص مواقع القوة والضعف .
بدأ فيها تثبيت الأوضاع في مصر ، وأسقط فيها الدولة الفاطمية فيها ، وأقام الخطبة والحكم للخلافة العباسية ، فلما توفي نور الدين سنة 568هـ بدأ صلاح الدين ببلاد الشام ليضمها تحت إمرته ففتح دمشق وحمص وحلب وحماة وحلب وغيرها ، وفتح اليمن ، وأمن الطريق للحجاج إلى مكة والمدينة ، وأسقط المكوس ، ونشر العدل ، وأعد الجيوش ، حتى كانت المعركة الفاصلة في حطين ، فماذا جرى في حطين ؟
قال ابن كثير : ( برز السلطان من دمشق يوم السبت مستهل محرم في جيشه ، فسار إلى رأس الماء فنزل ولده الأفضل هناك في طائفة من الجيش ، وتقدم السلطان ببقية الجيش إلى بصرى فخيم على قصر أبي سلام ، ينتظر قدوم الحجاج ليسلموا من معرة برنس الكرك ، فلما جاز الحجيج سالمين سار السلطان فنزل على الكرك وقطع ما حوله من الأشجار ، ورعى الزرع وأكلوا الثمار ، وجاءت العساكر المصرية وتوافت الجيوش المشرقية ، فنزلوا عند السلطان على رأس الماء ، وبعث الأفضل سرية نحو بلاد الفرنج فقتلت وغنمت وسلمت ورجعت ، فبشر بمقدمات الفتح والنصر .
وجاء السلطان بجحافله فالتفت عليه جميع العساكر ، فرتب الجيوش وسار قاصداً بلاد الساحل ، وكان جملة من معه من المقاتلة اثني عشر ألفاً غير المتطوعة ، فتسامعت الفرنج بقدومه فاجتمعوا كلهم وتصالحوا فيما بينهم ، وصالح قومس طرابلس وبرنس الكرك الفاجر ، وجاءوا بحدهم وحديدهم ، واستصحبوا معهم صليب الصلبوت يحمله منهم عباد الطاغوت وضلال الناسوت ، في خلق لا يعلم عدتهم إلا الله عز وجل ، يقال :كانوا خمسين ألفاً ، وقيل : ثلاثاً وستين ألفاً ، وقد خوفهم صاحب طرابلس من المسلمين فاعترض عليه البرنس صاحب الكرك ، فقال له : لا أشك أنك تحب المسلمين وتخوفنا كثرتهم ، وسترى غب ما أقول لك ، فتقدموا نحو المسلمين .
وأقبل السلطان ففتح طبرية و تقوى بما فيها من الأطعمة والأمتعة وغير ذلك ، وتحصنت منه القلعة فلم يعبأ بها ، وحاز البحيرة في حوزته ومنع الله الكفرة أن يصلوا منها إلى قطرة ، حتى صاروا في عطش عظيم ، فبرز السلطان إلى سطح الجبل الغربي من طبرية عند قرية يقال لها حطين ، التي يقال إن فيها قبر شعيب عليه الصلاة والسلام ، وجاء العدو المخذول ، وكان فيهم صاحب عكا وكفر نكا وصاحب الناصرة وصاحب صور وغير ذلك من جميع ملوكهم ، فتواجه الفريقان وتقابل الجيشان ، وأسفر وجه الإيمان واغبر وأقتم وأظلم وجه الكفر والطغيان ، ودائرة دائرة السوء على عبدة الصلبان ، وذلك عشية يوم الجمعة ، فبات الناس على مصافهم .
وأصبح صباح يوم السبت الذي كان يوماً عسيراً على أهل الأحد وذلك لخمس بقين من ربيع الآخر ، فطلعت الشمس على وجوه الفرنج واشتد الحر وقوي بهم العطش ، وكان تحت أقدام خيولهم حشيش قد صار هشيماً ، وكان ذلك عليهم مشؤوماً ، فأمر السلطان النفاطة أن يرموه بالنفط ، فرموه فتأجج ناراً تحت سنابك خيولهم ، فاجتمع عليهم حر الشمس وحر العطش وحر النار وحر السلاح وحر رشق النبال ، وتبارز الشجعان ، ثم أمر السلطان بالتكبير والحمل الصادقة فحملوا وكان النصر من الله عز وجل ، فمنحهم الله أكتافهم فقتل منهم ثلاثون ألفاً في ذلك اليوم ، وأسر ثلاثون ألفاً من شجعانهم وفرسانهم ، وكان في جملة من أسر جميع ملوكهم سوى قومس طرابلس فإنه انهزم في أول المعركة ، واستلبهم السلطان صليبهم الأعظم ، وهو الذي يزعمون أنه صلب عليه المصلوب ، وقد غلفوه بالذهب واللآلئ والجواهر النفيسة ، ولم يسمع بمثل هذا اليوم في عز الإسلام وأهله ، ودمغ الباطل وأهله ، حتى ذكر أن بعض الفلاحين رآه بعضهم يقود نيفاً وثلاثين أسيراً من الفرنج ، وقد ربطهم بطنب خيمة ، وباع بعضهم أسيراً بنعل ليلبسها في رجله ، وجرت أمور لم يسمع بمثلها إلا في زمن الصحابة والتابعين ، فلله الحمد دائماً كثيراً طيباً مباركاً ).
هذا وقد كان البرنس أرناط البيزنطي صاحب الكرك كان قد نذر أنه إن ظفر به قتله ، وذلك أنه كان عبر به قافلة راجعة من الديار المصرية في حالة الصلح بينه وبين المسلمين ، فنزلوا عنده بالأمان فغدر بهم وقتلهم ، فناشدوه الله والصلح الذي بينه وبين المسلمين فقال ما يتضمن الاستخفاف بالنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وقال : قولوا لمحمدكم يخلصكم ، وبلغ السلطان فحمله الدين والحمية على أنه نذر إن ظفر به قتله .

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 1:

Battle of HattinSome people believe that the battle of Hattin end the foreigners in the region, and the fact that it is the beginning of the end, the war continued after nearly a century finally ended with the uprooting of the kingdoms of syphilis of the coast of Syria and Palestine, Hittin the foreigners and not crash the kingdoms not eliminated them completely, but found a new beginning for the balance of power, and the power of the foreigners could defeat, it was a battle between the two, which she sealed undo and defeats and triumphs and phase based progress.Salahuddin has started the beginning of his reign in Egypt 564, the first serious confrontation was with the Crusaders was Hittin in 583, and limited skirmishes between those two dates with the Crusaders, Saladin not unsheathed his sword on the first day and began attacking the opposite alavrnget in the preparation, organization and study and surveillance scan strengths and weaknesses. Began installing the situation in Egypt, which dropped the Fatimid State, maintained speech and judgement of the Abbasid Caliphate, when Nur al-Din died the year 568 e Salahuddin began in the Levant for control within the opening Damascus, Homs and Aleppo, Hama and Aleppo, Yemen, opened the way for the pilgrims to Mecca and Medina, and tolls, and dissemination of Justice, and even armies were intervening in the battle of Hattin, what happened in Hittin? Ibn katheer said: (the Sultan of Damascus, emerged Saturday early in his army, marched to the top of the water, his son the best there is in a range of military, offering the rest of the army Sultan to optical, the Palace of peace, Dad waiting for pilgrims to surrender of maaret Prince Al Karak, since the pilgrims may safely walked Sultan hostel at Karak and cut around the trees, grazing and ate fruits, Egyptian troops came wetoaft Levantine armies, landed at Sultan on top Water, and sent the best secret towards the foreigners countries killing and has captured and extradited and returned, it heralded the opening introductions and victory.The Sultan came to his legions, I turned it all Faris, the ranks of armies and marched for Sahel, was among his twelve Fighter Alpha not volunteering, she pass from mouth to mouth the foreigners coming to the met, they reconciled among themselves, and the benefit of Tripoli and Prince koms Karak evildoer, and came to the Bay and their iron, they take along with them holds alsalbot cross Abbad juggernaut and misguidance of deity, not know Kit but God Almighty, : They were fifty thousand, and it was said: Sixty-three thousand, and had feared his Tripoli Muslim objected to Tereza Karak, holder told him: no doubt you love Muslims and we feared preponderance, and you'll see what you say GB, advanced towards Muslims.And accept the Sultan opened Tiberias and strengthened by including foods, luggage, etc., and some of it was not called up by the Castle, and the Lake in possession and prevent God kaafirs to reach drop, so they in great thirst, Sultan has emerged to the surface of the Western mountains of Galilee village of Hittin, which reportedly have said that where the tomb of Jethro (PBUH), the enemy was disillusioned, including the acre and Nazareth, Kafr Wonka owner and owner of the photo, etc. All their kings, faces two armies met groups, in faith and millet waktm darkest in infidelity and tyranny, and circle bad to Abdo crosses on the eve on Friday, Pat people on their composing stick.And became a Saturday morning which was a difficult day for the people Sunday for the five remaining from the spring, the Sun on the faces of the foreigners and their free and strong thirst, and was under the feet of horses hashish has become dry stalks, they have an ominous, the Sultan recognized him he became alnfath with oil, then they threw him, raging fire under the heel of their horses, they met a free sun and thirst-free, free free fire arms and free throwing darts, protrusion of the brave, and then ordered saltTo zoom in and sincere, pregnancy took victory from Almighty God, granting their shoulders, thirty thousand murdered that day, thirty thousand families of shagaanhm and their cavalries, was among families of all Kings only koms Tripoli it lost in the first fight, and I steal them Sultan their cross, which allege that he built into it the crucified, and may they enveloped him with gold and pearls and precious gems, and never heard of such a day in Islam and its people, and dmg falsehood and his family, Even some farmers saw them lead the Neva and thirty captured the foreigners, have linked btanb tent, and sold them for soles worn by prisoners in the leg and was never heard of things like only in the time of the sahaabah and taabi'een, let us praise always much good and blessed). This was a Byzantine author of Karak, Raynald of Châtillon Tereza was a vow that his killers fingernail, and it was through his convoy was returning from Egypt if reconciled with and among Muslims, took him to safety, betrayed them and kill them, they adjured him God and reconciliation between him and the Muslims said the cynicism of the Prophet and said: tell lmhamdkm redeem you and Sultan campaign religion and diet that he vowed to his fingernail.

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 2:

The battle of Hittin Some people believe that the battle of Hittin the end of the Franks in the region, and the fact it is the beginning of the end, as the war continued after the nearly century finally ended uprooted Kingdoms Frankish of Syria and Palestine coast, Vhtin the kingdoms of the Franks did not crash has not eliminated it altogether, but established a new beginning for the balance of power and stressed that the strength of the Crusaders can be invincible, it was a decisive battle between the two terms, that is, they concluded the stage of decline and defeats and founded victories and progress stage. Salahuddin has begun the beginning of his rule Egypt in 564 AH, and the first serious confrontation he had with the Crusaders are Hittin and this year 583 AH , and between these two dates is limited skirmishes with the Crusaders, Vslah religion was unsheathed his sword since the first day and began to reverse his attack on the kingdoms Frankish, but took his time in the preparation and organization, study and observation and examine the strengths and weaknesses sites. which began to stabilize the situation in Egypt, and dropped the Fatimid state where, and established engagement and governance Abbasid Caliphate, when Noureddine year 568 AH died Salahuddin began in the Levant to comprising the under him opened Damascus, Homs and Aleppo, Hama and Aleppo and others, and the opening of Yemen, the security of the road for pilgrims to Mecca and Medina, and dropped the excise, and the dissemination of justice and prepared armies, so that was the decisive battle in Hittin, what happened in the Hittin? Ibn Kathir said: (emerged as the Sultan of Damascus on Saturday, the beginning of Muharram in his army, walked to the top of the water went down, and his son is better there in a range of military, offering the Sultan to the rest of the army to Bosra Fajam to Abu Peace Palace, waiting the arrival of the pilgrims for the surrender of Maaret Prince Karak, when the Jazz pilgrims safely walked the Sultan sat down on the Karak and cut around him from the trees, and sponsored the planting and ate fruits, came the Egyptian Asaker and Tuat armies Oriental, and they encamped at the Sultan on top of the water, and sent the best secret about the country Franks, killing and also captured and delivered and returned, preached introductions conquest and victory. The Sultan Bjuhavlh turned it all Asaker, Frb armies marched, meaning the country's coast, and was host of his fighter twelve thousand non-volunteer, Vtsamat Franks of his arrival they gathered together all of them and reconciled with each other, and Saleh Qoms Tripoli and Prince Karak ungodly , and came Bhdhm and Hdidhm, and Astsahbwa them Cross Alslbot holds them slaves Juggernaut and astray manhood, in the creation of not knowing promised only God Almighty, he said: they were fifty thousand, said: sixty-three thousand, may fear the owner of Tripoli Muslims objected to the Prince owner of Karak, He said to him: I do not doubt that you love Muslims and our fear force change, and you'll see the GOP what I tell you, they came towards Muslims. and accept the Sultan opened Tiberias and piety, including foods, luggage, etc., and holed him to the castle did not care about them, and won the lake in his possession and to prevent God infidels that reach them to drop, until they became in great thirst, it demonstrated a Sultan to the surface of the mountain west of Tiberias when the village is said to have Hittin, which is said to be the tomb of Shoaib peace be upon him, came the enemy Almkhdhul, and was including the owner of Acre and Kafr NCAA and the owner of Nazareth and his pictures and is that of all kings, are faced with the two teams and meet the two armies, and resulted in the face of faith and Agbar and darker and darker face of infidelity and tyranny, and the Department bad circle on worshipers crosses, on the eve of Friday, shreds people Msafhm. and became on Saturday, which was once difficult for people on Sunday morning, to five remained of Rabi, Vtalaat sun on the faces of the Crusaders free, strong and intensified their thirst, and was under the feet of their horses Hashish has become Hishama, and that was for them an ominous, he ordered Sultan Alinvath that Armoh oil, Vermoh Vtojaj a fire under the hoofs of their horses, gathered them free sun and free thirst and free-fire and free the arms and free throwing darts, and protrusion of the brave, then ordered the Sultan zoomed pregnancy sincere and they carried away and it was the victory of God Almighty, God Fmnham their shoulders, killing thirty thousand of them in that day, and the families of thirty thousand of Hdjaanhm and horsemen, and was in a number of the families of all kings only Qoms Tripoli it was defeated in the first battle, and Astalphm Sultan their cross the Great, who claim that it is built into it crucified, has Glvoh with gold and pearls and precious gems, we never heard such a day at the height of Islam and its people, and the stamp of falsehood and its people, even said that some of the peasants he saw some of them leads the Neva and thirty prisoners from the Crusaders, has been tied Btunb tent, and sold some of them captive Benal to wear them in the leg, and were things unheard of except in the companions and followers time, thank God always much good and blessed). This was Prince Arnat was Byzantine owner of Karak had a vow that if the nail him to kill him, and that it was through his convoy feedback from the Mufti of Egypt in the case of conciliation between him and the Muslims, and they encamped him safe deceived them and kill them, Venashidoh God and the Magistrate, who between him and the Muslims, he said, involves disregard for the Prophet, peace be upon him and said: Tell Mamedkm save you, and reached the Sultan of religion and carried him on a diet that vows to nail him to kill him.

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 3:

The battle of Hattin

Some people believe that the battle of Hattin, end zone, truth is the beginning of the end of the Crusaders, they continued the war finally out after nearly a century over the kingdoms of syphilis the coast of Syria and Palestine, Fhtyn didn't crash kings of the Crusaders was not foundFinally, it was the beginning of a new balance of power, the power of the Crusaders could be invincible, was a decisive battle between the two, which are sealed by a the reversal defeats and victories and progress.
He started the beginning of Salah al DIN ruled Egypt in 564 ah, the first serious confrontation with his Crusaders was hittin in 583, and between the two minor skirmishes with the Crusaders, Fslah religion was unsheathed his sword from day first began his attack on the oppositeSyphilis but took his time in the preparation and organization of the control and scan locations of strengths and weaknesses.
A stabilization of the situation in Egypt, and in the Fatimid state in which the engagement and the Abbasid caliphate, when Nur ad DIN died in 568 ah came Salah as part of its debt in the Levant control which opened in Damascus, Homs and Aleppo, HAMA and Aleppo, etc.Yemen, the security route for pilgrims to Mecca and Medina, and excises, and justice, and armies, and even a decisive battle at Hattin, what happened in the football? "Ibn Kathir said:Featured by the Sultan of Damascus on Saturday in early January, he led his army to the top of the water got his best there is in the range of the Sultan's army, and the rest of the army to the visual grandiose palace, father of peace, waiting for the arrival of the pilgrims to Prince al Karak,The pilgrims may safely walked the Sultan went down, cutting the trees around him, and sponsored the planting and ate the fruit, the Egyptian military Wtwaft Eastern armies, when zlotys the Sultan at the top of the water, and the best secret toward the land of the Crusaders killingThe Fbshr returned home, Bmqdmat victory and conquest.
The Bjhaflh Sultan turned, all the soldiers, made and armies and marched with the countries of the Sahel, the phrase was arranged by him ten grand, but a volunteer fighter, Ftsamt the Crusaders was they assembled all of them, and their Wtsalhwa comesWbrns al Karak, and Bhdhm Whdydhm, Wastshbwa are slaves with the cross of the crucifixion by idol and misguidance Alnaswt created, only God knows, promised them it is, said:They said:... Fifty thousand, sixty thousand, the fear of Muslims carrying the Tripoli by Prince the Karak, said to him: No, I doubt you love Wtkhwfna Muslims number of vendors involved, you pull what I say, they came to Muslims. "And the Sultan opened in Tiberias and strengthen their luggage and other foods, holed up him to the Castle Lake did not care about her, and was in the possession of the infidels, and God to get them to drop, until they became thirsty featuring Sultan mountain, to the surface.The village is said to have state of Tiberias, which is said to be the tomb of Almkhdhwl shuaib peace be upon him, the enemy, he was including the acre and NCAA his program and his images, and all their kings, the two armies met in theFaith Waghbr Waqtm Wazlm infidelity and tyranny, and the bad slave crosses, on the eve of Friday, bringing people to Msafhm.
It is Saturday morning, which was a difficult day for remained from April of the sun, the sun Ftlt free and strong on the faces of the Crusaders and their thirst, the under the feet of their horses, grass has become Hshymaan, was so unfortunate, he orderedAlnfatt to oil, they Frmwh Ftajj sanabic fire under their horses, and they of the sun's heat and thirst, free free, fire arms and throwing the dart, Wtbarz brave and then, the Sultan ordered sincere Fhmlwa zooms in and the victory of GodAnd God Fmnhhm shoulders, killing thirty. On that day, families of thirty thousand Shjanhm Wfrsanhm, among families and all their kings but comes Tripoli, he was defeated in the first battle, their cross Wastlbhm the Sultan's greatest, whichThey crucified him crucified, the Ghlfwh in gold and pearls and jewels and precious, not heard of such a day at the height of Islam and its people, Wdmgh falsehood and his family, so he some farmers saw them lead the Nyfaan thirty captives from the Crusaders, was able to BtnbSome of them, and sold as Bnl Lylbsha in his leg, and the others had heard them only at the time of the companions and followers, thanks much good always blessed).
This prince was raynald of Ch â tillon Byzantine the Karak had vowed that the nail by killing him, as he was by the Egyptian convoy back to home. The case of the reconciliation between him and the Muslims, zlotys a safe Fghdr and kill them, and Fnashdwh GodBetween him and the Muslims, he said the mockery of the prophet peace be upon him said:Tell Lmhmdkm Ykhlskm, the Sultan's campaign, religion, diet, a nail by the killers. "