النتائج (
الإنجليزية) 3:
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Cognitive and affective processes vary over the course of the 24 h day. Time of dayDependent changes in human cognition are modulated by an internal circadian timekeepingSystem with a near-24 h period. The human circadian timekeeping system interacts withSleep-wakefulness regulatory processes to modulate brain arousal, neurocognitive andAffective function. Brain arousal is regulated by ascending brain stem, basal forebrainBF and hypothalamic arousal systems and inhibition or disruption of these systemsReduces brain arousal, impairs cognition, and promotes sleep. The internal circadianTimekeeping system modulates cognition and affective function by projections from theMaster circadian clock, located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), toArousal and sleep systems and via clock gene oscillations in brain tissues. UnderstandingThe basic principles of circadian and wakefulness-sleep physiology can help to recognizeHow the circadian system modulates human cognition and influences learning, memoryAnd emotion. Developmental changes in sleep and circadian processes and circadianMisalignment in circadian rhythm sleep disorders have important implications for learningMemory and emotion. Overall, when wakefulness occurs at appropriate internal biologicalTimes, circadian clockwork benefits human cognitive and emotion function throughoutThe lifespan. Yet, when wakefulness occurs at inappropriate biological times because ofEnvironmental pressures (e.g., early school start times, long work hours that include workAt night, shift work, jet lag) or because of circadian rhythm sleep disorders, the resultingMisalignment between circadian and wakefulness-sleep physiology leads to impairedCognitive performance, learning, emotion, and safety.
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