رمضان - شرائط وجوب الصياموالصيام وا

رمضان - شرائط وجوب الصيام



والصيام واجب على كل مسلم بالغ عاقل قادر على الصيام.

ولا يصح من الكافر الأصلي ولا المرتد ولا يصح من حائض ولا نفساء.

ولا يجب على الصبي، ولكن إذا أكمل عشر سنين قمرية من العمر يجب على وليه أن يضربه على تركه الصيام إن كان يطيقه ولا يجب عليه القضاء إن أفطر.



ولا يجب على المجنون ولا قضاء عليه، ولا يجب أداؤه على المريض الذي يضره الصوم، ولا المسافر سفراً طويلاً وعليه القضاء. ولو صام المريض والمسافر صح منهما، وإذا ضرهما حرم عليهما.



ولا يجب على العجوز الفاني مخافة التلف والموت.





رمضان - فرائض الصيام



وفرائض الصيام اثنان:



1- النية:

ومحلها القلب فلا يشترط النطق بها باللسان. وهي واجبة لكل يوم من رمضان في ليلته ولا يصح الصيام بدونها يقول بقلبه: "نويت الصيام يوم غد من شهر رمضان" وعند البعض يكفي أن ينوي في ليلة اليوم الأول منه عن جميع أيام رمضان فيقول بقلبه: "نويت صيام ثلاثين يوماً عن شهر رمضان هذه السنة".



ولا يضر الأكل والنوم والجماع بعد النية وقبل طلوع الفجر.



ومن نام ليلاً ولم ينوي الصيام حتى استيقظ بعد الفجر وجب عليه الإمساك عن المفطرات وعليه قضاء هذا اليوم من رمضان. أما صوم النفل فلا يشترط في نيته التبييت. فلو استيقظ بعد الفجر ولم يشرب ونوى صيام هذا اليوم قبل الزوال أي قبل دخول وقت صلاة الظهر تطوع لله تعالى صح له.



2- الإمساك:

الإمساك عن الأكل والشرب وعن إدخال كل ماله حجم، ولو كان أجزاء صغيرة كدخان السيجارة، إلى الرأس أو البطن أو الأمعاء ونحوها من منفذ مفتوح كالفم أو الأنف، أو القبل أو الدبر من الفجر إلى المغرب.



ومن أكل ناسياً أو شرب ولو كثيراً لم يفطر ولو في صيام النفل، ففي الحديث الصحيح "من نسي وهو صائم فأكل أو شرب فليتم صومه فإنما أطعمه الله وسقاه" رواه البخاري.



ومن أدخل شئ إلى فمه كإصبعه عمدا فأخرج القيء أفطر، ولو لم يرجع منه شيء إلى الجوف لحديث النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: "من ذرعه القيء (أي غلبه) وهو صائم فليس عليه قضاء ومن استقاء فليقضِ". رواه الأربعة.



كما يجب الإمساك عن الجماع وإخراج المني بالاستمناء بنحو اليد والمباشرة فأنه مفطِّر.





رمضان - وقت المغرب والفجر



ولما كان وقت الصيام من الفجر حتى المغرب وجب معرفة طرفي النهار على كل مكلف بالصيام أي الفجر والمغرب.



والفجر: هو البياض المعترض في الأفق الشرقي، والمغرب: هو مغيب قرص الشمس كله.

فمن أكل بعد الفجر معتقداً أن الفجر لم يطلع فسد صومه ولزمه القضاء وعليه الإمساك عن المفطرات باقي النهار فإن كان اجتهد فأكل ثم تبين له أنه دخل الفجر لم يأثم كأن اعتمد على صياح الديك المجرب.



أما لو أكل قبيل مغيب قرص الشمس معتقداً أنه قد غربت الشمس ثم تبين له خلاف ذلك فسد صومه ولزمه قضاء هذا اليوم. والَّذي يأكل بدون عذر قبيل الغروب فقد أثم. قال تعالى: {ثمَّ أتموا الصيام إلى الليل} سورة البقرة [187].



وغروب الشمس علامة على دخول الليل.



وكذلك يجب على المسلم الثبوت على الإسلام واجتناب ما يخرجه عن الإسلام من قولٍ أو فعلٍ أو اعتقادٍ وذلك على الدوام في رمضان وغيره. ومن وقع في الكفر وهو صائم فسد صومه وعليه العودة فورًا إلى الإسلام و القضاء.



رمضان - مفسدات الصيام



والَّذي يبطل الصيام أشياء هي:

1- الأكل: ولو قدر سمسمة أو أقل عمداً غير مكره عالماً بالتحريم، والشرب ولو قطرة ماء أو دواء.



ولا يضر غبار الطريق أو غربلة دقيقٍ لعسر التحرز منه. ومن بالغ في المضمضة والاستنشاق فدخل الماء إلى جوفه أفطر.



وإذا أخرج ريقه من فمه إلى خارج الشفة ثمَّ ردَّه وبلعه أفطر. أما ما دام متصلاً باللسان فلا يفطر إن بلعه.



وإذا جمع ريقه في فمه وابتلعه صرفاً أي غير متغير لم يضر. أما ابتلاع البلغم ففيه تفصيل:

فإن كان البلغم بلع من ظاهر الفم فإنه يفطِّر، وإن كان مما تحت مخرج (( الحاء)) فلا يفطر.

والبلغم لا يفطر عند الإمام أبو حنيفة ولو بلعه بعد وصوله إلى اللسان. أما إذا بلع ريقه المتغير بدخان السيجارة التي شربها قبل الفجر أو غيرها أفطر.



2- وإذا غلبه القيء ثمَّ انقطع القيء ثم بلع هذا الريق قبل أن يُطَهّر فمه فسد صيامه لأن هذا الريق تنجس بالقيء الذي وصل إلى الفم.



أما الدخان الذي يصل إلى جوف الصائم من غيره كمن يشرب سيجارة قربه فإنه غير مفطر.

وكذلك دخان البخور وشم العطور فلا يفطر.



والقطرة في الأنف والأذن مفطرة. وكذلك الحقنة في القبل، وعلى قول: ((القطرة في الأذن لا تفطر))، أما القطرة في العين فهي غير مفطرة. والإبرة في الجلد لا تفطّر.



3- ومن أغمي عليه في نهار الصيام وأفاق ولم يستغرق كل اليوم لا يفطر، أما إذا استغرق الإغماء كل اليوم من الفجر حتى الغروب لم يصح صيامه. أما إذا طرأ جنون عليه ولو لحظة أفطر.



4- وكذا إذا طرأ على المرأة حيض أو نفاس ولو قبيل الغروب بقليل أفطرت.

5- ويفسد الصيام بالجماع عامداً باختياره نهاراً ذاكراً للصيام ولو لم ينزل المني.



أما من جامع ناسياً فلا قضاء عليه. أما الصائم النائم إذا احتلم فلا يفطر، بخلاف خروج المني منه بالمباشرة أو الاستمناء بنحو اليد عمداً لا ناسياً.



ومن استيقظ جنباً من جماع أو غيره. فإنه يصوم نهاره ويغتسل للصلاة. فعن عائشة رضي الله عنها: "كان رسول الله صلَّى الله عليه وسلم يدركه الفجر وهو جُنُبُ من أهله ثمَّ يغتسل و يصوم"، رواه البخاري. وتقبيل الزوجة المحرك للشهوة حرام لكنه لا يفطر إذا لم ينزل المني.



ومن مفسدات الصيام أيضاً:

6- الوقوع في الكفر عامداً ولو مازحاً أو غاضباً باختياره ذاكراً للصوم أو غير ذاكر، لأنه لا تصحّ العبادة من كافر.



ما يجب على المفطر عامداً في رمضان



1) منه ما يوجب القضاء فقط.

2) ومنه ما يوجب القضاء والفدية معاً.

3) ومنه ما يوجب الفدية فقط.

4) ومنه ما يوجب القضاء والكفارة معاً.



1- فأما المفطر الذي يجب عليه القضاء فقط هو:

أ?) الذي أفطر بسبب المرض.

ب?) ومن كان في سفرٍ طويلٍ أفطر فيه.

ج) والحائض والنفساء.

د) والّذي أفطر عامداً في رمضان بدون عذر إلاَّ أن هذا عليه الإثم أيضاً.

ه) والحامل والمرضع إن خافتا على أنفسهما. فهؤلاء جميعاً عليهم قضاء كل يومٍ بيومٍ فقط.



2- أما المفطر الذي يجب عليه القضاء والفدية معاً فهما الحامل والمرضع إن خافتا على ولديهما فأفطرتا فعليهما القضاء والفدية لكل يومٍ.



3- وأما المفطر الذي يجب عليه الفدية فقط فهو:



أ?)الشيخ العجوز الذي لا يتحمل الصوم أو تلحقه مشقة شديدة فإنه يُفطر، ويفدي عن كل يوم بيومه.



ب?) وكذلك المريض الذي لا يُرجى شفاؤه فلا صوم عليه ولا قضاء، وإنما يجب عليه الفدية فقط والفدية هي مقدار ما يغدّي ويعشي أو قيمتها عند أبي حنيفة، وعند الشافعي مُدُّ قمحٍ أو غيره على حسب غالب قوت البلد

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 1:

Ramadan-strips should be fastingFasting is an obligation for every Muslim adult sane unable to fast.And not from the original and not the apostate infidel, not true of menstruating or bleeding following childbirth.And the boy, but if ten years completed Lunar age of the Les that plagued the the legacy of fasting that had lasted too long and does not have to end that fast.And not crazy and not spend it, and should not be performed on a patient who is not fasting harms the passenger travel and the judiciary. Though he fasted patient traveler is true, and if they were denied their damage. The old must not fear death and Fani. Ramadan-fasting requirementsAnd fasting two commandments:1. intention: And replaced by the heart, not the pronunciation with tongue. It is due for each day of Ramadan in his not fasting without them saying his heart: "I intend to fast Ramadan tomorrow" and some just intended on the first night of the day of all days, Ramadan said in his heart: "I intend to fast for 30 days of Ramadan this year."No harm eating and sleeping and after intercourse and before dawn.And Nam and did not intend to fast until I wake up after dawn it shall refrain from things that break and spend the day of Ramadan. Either fasting clover, not his intention or rollover. If I wake up after dawn and did not drink and intended to fast the day before disappearing before the time for Zuhr volunteered to God is true to him.2. constipation:Stop eating and drinking and enter all his size, though small parts such as cigarette smoke, the head or the stomach or intestines and so port open as the mouth or nose, or kissing or anal intercourse from dawn to Morocco.And eating out of forgetfulness or drink though many did not break even in clover, in the hadeeth "from forgotten is fasting, eating or drinking, but his fast food get discovered God and waiters" Bukhari.And enter something into his mouth as his finger out deliberately vomiting breaks, and if it does not return anything to the hollow of the hadeeth of the Prophet: "the one who cannot help vomiting (a drop) is fasting it is spending and draw all that." Narrated by four.You should also refrain from intercourse and masturbation semen around the hand and direct it invalidates.Ramadan-the time of Morocco and dawnSince the time of fasting from dawn until Morocco must know both ends of the day on every charge of fasting which dawn and Morocco.Dawn: a white opponent in the eastern horizon, and Morocco: is the entire disk of the Sun is invisible.They ate after dawn, thinking that dawn had not yet broken his fast is invalidated and tuck and the withholding of things that invalidate the rest of the day if he ate and tried to show him that dawn had not yet entered the sin was counting on experienced cock.If you eat such as as the disk of the Sun, believing it has the sun set and then show him otherwise mangle his fast and tuck make up that day. And who eats without an excuse such as sunset was a sinner. The Almighty said: {then complete the fast until night} Sura Al-baqarah [187]. Sunset marked the entry of the night. As well as the Muslim must stand firm against Islam and avoid out of Islam say or do or think, so in Ramadaan and at other times. And the impact of infidelity is fasting invalidated his fast and it immediately back to Islam and justice.Ramadan-things that invalidate the fastWhich invalidate the fast things are:1. eating: If Bharat or less deliberately non-coerced knowing prohibition, drinking even a drop of water or medicine. And road dust does not hurt or sifting carefully guard against the hardness of it. It is in the rinse and inhaled the water to stomach fast. If I own saliva from his mouth to the outside lip then reply and swallowing it breaks. But as long as it is connected to the tongue, does not invalidate the bolus.If collecting his saliva in his mouth and swallows it purely a non-variable was not hurt. Either swallow phlegm, detailing:It was apparent from the mouth swallowing phlegm it fast, though, under Director ((the HAA;Arabic letter)), it does not break.Phlegm does not break when the imam Abu Hanifa if swallowed soon after his arrival to the tongue. If swallowing one's own saliva variable cigarette smoke that drink it before dawn or other breaks.2. If the predominance of vomit and vomiting was lost and then swallowing the saliva before to cleanse the mouth mangle his fast because this saliva drip with vomit, who arrived in the mouth. As the smoke reaches the cavity of jejunum as from drinking a cigarette near to it is not fasting. As well as incense smoke and sniff perfume it does not break.And the drop in nose and ear invalidate. As well as the injection in kisses, and say: ((drop into the ear does not break)), either drop in the eye are not invalidate. And the needle in the skin does not break.3. fainted the day fasting, and prospects and didn't take all day does not break, as if fainting every day from dawn until sunset did not correct his fasting. If there was even a moment of madness he broke.4. and if the woman menstruation or nifaas even before sunset a little fast.5. fasting intercourse deliberately chose the day saying the fast if maniy.Either of forgetfulness is not crack it. Either the fasting person sleeper if wet dream, it does not break, unlike its immediate orgasm masturbation by hand or deliberately not forgetting. And wake up together from intercourse or other. It's fast, clocks and a bath for prayer. It was narrated from Aisha: "the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him, which is the side of dawn his wife then wash and fast", narrated by Al-bukhaari. And kissing one's wife in the engine of desire is haraam but he does not break if maniy.And of things that invalidate the fast is also:6. falling into infidelity deliberately though joked, angry with his saying to fasting or study, because it is not correct worship of faithless.What things that invalidate the fast in Ramadaan deliberately1) which requires only.2) and which must be eliminated and the ransom together.3) which must ransoms only.4) which requires the judiciary and atonement together.1. things that invalidate either who must only is:A?) That breaks due to illness.B?) It was a long travel breaks it.C) who is menstruating or in nifaas.D) and the fast in Ramadaan deliberately, with no excuse that the sin also.E) pregnant and breastfeeding women to faint on themselves. They all have them spend all day to day only.2. things that invalidate who must ransoms and together they are pregnant and breastfeeding women to the couple, they have breakfast is dimmed, and the ransom for them every day.3. things that invalidate who must ransoms only is:A?) The old bear Sheikh fasting or inflict severe hardship it fast and redeem for each day by day.B?) As well as the patient who does not hope to fast and do not spend, but must ransoms only ransom is how much yghadi and blind us or value when Abu Hanifa, and when El-Shafei d wheat or other depending mostly food

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 2:

Ramadan - should be fasting strips , fasting is the duty of every Muslim adult, sane capable of fasting. not true of the original infidel and apostate is not valid from menstruating or bleeding following childbirth. and should not be on the boy, but if completed ten years lunar old must guardian to hit him on the left Fasting not stand him if he must eliminate that breaks the fast. and should not be mad not to eliminate it, and it should not be performed on a patient who hurt fasting, nor passenger traveling long and eliminate it. If the patient fasted and each traveler is true, and if Dharhma denied them. nor on the old mortal must fear of damage and death. Ramadan - fasting statutes and ordinances of fasting two: 1. intent: and replaced by the heart not required to speak the tongue. It is due for each day of Ramadan in the night not true fasting without them says in his heart: "I intended to fast tomorrow of the month of Ramadan," and some people enough to intend on the night of the first day of it all the days of Ramadan says in his heart: "I intended to fast thirty days for the month of Ramadan this year. " and does not harm eat, sleep and sexual intercourse after goodwill and before dawn. It Nam at night and did not intend to fast until he woke up just after dawn, he must refrain from breaking the fast and make up that day of Ramadan. The shamrock fasting not required in the intention of delaying the deal. If he woke up just after dawn and did not drink, and intended to fast the day before disappearing any before the time for noon prayers volunteered to God is true to him. 2. Constipation: to stop eating and drinking and the introduction of all his size, even if small parts like the smoke cigarette, to the head or abdomen or the intestine and the like from an open port Calfm or nose, or kisses or anus from dawn to Morocco. It is eating forgetting or drink even if much has not break even in the fasting shamrock, In the modern right "of forgotten that he is fasting and he ate or drank, let him complete his fast for he God foods and gave him to drink." Bukhari. It is something to enter his mouth, waving Kasbah intentionally vomiting fast, if something did not return from the stomach to the hadith of the Prophet, peace be upon him: "It can not help vomiting (ie drop) he is fasting, he does not spend and elicit Vliqd". Narrated by four. It should refrain from sexual intercourse and directed by semen masturbation about hand and direct it invalidates the fast. Ramadan - a time Morocco and dawn Since the time of fasting from dawn to Morocco must know both ends of the day Every taxpayer fasting any dawn and Morocco. The Dawn: Is the white line that appears in the eastern horizon , Morocco: Is the sunset the whole disk of the sun. It is eaten after dawn, thinking that dawn had not seen spoiled his fast and he has the judiciary and it refrain from breaking the fast the rest of the day it was worked hard and he ate and then show him that he entered Dawn did not sinning if adopted on cock experimenter. But if eat just before sunset disk, believing that he had the sun set and then show him otherwise mess up his fast and he has spend this day. And who eats without excuse such as Sunset has sinned. He says: {then complete the fast until night} Sura [187]. The sunset mark the entry of the night. as well as the Muslim must constancy to Islam and to avoid what helmed Islam said or done or belief and that has always been in Ramadan and others. It was signed in disbelief when he was fasting spoiled his fast and for him to return immediately to Islam and the judiciary. Ramadan - Things which invalidate the fast , which invalidate the fast things are: 1. eating: Had Semsema or less deliberately forced is a world prohibition, and drinking even a drop of water or medicine. It does not matter road dust or accurate screening for dyslexia avoided him. It is deep in rinsing the mouth and nose went in the water to the stomach breaks the fast. If the saliva out of his mouth to the outside of the lip and then swallowing it breaks the fast response. But as long as it is connected to the tongue does not break the fast if swallowed. If the collection of saliva in his mouth and swallowed any purely variable is not hurt. The swallow phlegm subject to further discussion: the sputum was apparent from the mouth to swallow it break the fast, though, which under the outlet ((ha)) do not break the fast. phlegm and does not break when Imam Abu Hanifa, even swallowing after his arrival to the tongue. If swallowing saliva variable cigarette smoke he drank before dawn or other breaks the fast. 2. If vomiting then interrupted vomiting and then swallowing the saliva to cleanse his mouth before you mess up fast because this is an empty stomach vomiting defile, who arrived in the mouth. The smoke that reaches the belly of fasting like someone drank from other cigarette proximity it is not fasting. , as well as incense smoke tattoo perfumes do not break the fast. The drop in the nose and ear Maftrh. As well as the injection in kisses, and to say: ((ear drops, do not break the fast)), while the drop in the eye, it is Maftrh. And the needle in the skin does not break the fast. 3. It fainted during the day in fasting and the prospects did not take all day does not break, but if fainting took every day from dawn to dusk fasting is not valid. If there has been a mad moment if it breaks the fast. 4. If there has been, as well as the women's menstruation or nifaas if I did not fast just before sunset. 5. invalidate the fast by having intercourse during the day saying deliberately chose to fast if it does not produce semen. The collector of mistake does not eliminate it. The fasting person sleeping erotic dream if not break, unlike the emission of semen from him to proceed with the hand about masturbation or deliberately not forgetting. It woke side of intercourse or other. It's fast and washed his day to pray. It was narrated Aa'ishah: "The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him realize Dawn, a side of his family and then washed and fast," Bukhari. And kiss the wife engine of lust haram but he does not break his fast if you do not produce semen. It Spoilers fasting also: 6. falling in disbelief deliberately, even joking or angry choice saying to fasting or non-Zakir, because it is not valid worship of infidel. What should Breakfaster deliberately in Ramadan 1 ) than what requires the judiciary only. 2) and some of it requires the judiciary and the ransom together. 3) and some of it requires the ransom only. 4) and some of it requires the judiciary and the Atonement together. 1. As for Breakfaster who must eliminate all is: a?) who breaks the fast because the disease. b?) It was a long travel fast in it. c) and menstruating or bleeding following childbirth. d) and who intentionally breaks the fast in Ramadan without excuse but that it also sin. e) and pregnant and breastfeeding women not to fear for themselves. They all of them spend all day by day only. 2. The Breakfaster who must judiciary and the ransom together understanding of pregnant and breastfeeding women that dimmed on and have Voaftrta they must both the judiciary and the ransom for each day. 3. The Breakfaster who must ransom only is: a?) old Sheikh, who Neither fasting or inflict severe hardship it break the fast, and redeem all day at a time. B?) as well as the patient who no hope of recovery is not fast it does not eliminate, but he must ransom only ransom is the amount of what that feed and Aasha or impaired when Abu Hanifa, and when Shafei D wheat or other staple food, according to Ghaleb

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 3:

September - the strips should be fast



, fasting is obligatory for every sane adult Muslim who is able to fast.

not valid from the original and cover the apostate is true of sick and Nfsa.And the boy, but if completed ten lunar years of age and must hit him on the left if fasting had lasted too long and he is not justice the breakfast.



Crazy must spend it and must be performed on the patient that long journey, therefore eliminating harm of fasting, and traveler. If the patients fasted and traveler, right, if Drhma denied them.



the old man in mortal fear of damage and death.September - duties of the fast









two: duties of the fasting faith:





1. The details of the heart do not require speak in tongues. It is obligatory for each day of September in the night and not be fasting without her saying in his heart.