و نتناول فيما يلي - كحلقة أولى - ال

و نتناول فيما يلي - كحلقة أولى - الوجهان الأول و الثاني و هما : مخالفة أو إغفال قاعدة جوهرية في الإجراءات.

و مفاد هذين الوجهين مخالفة الحكم أو القرار المطعون فيه لقاعدة جوهرية في الإجراءات المتخذة أثناء سير الدعوى أو أثناء إصدار الحكم أو القرار، و يجب ملاحظة أن المشرع في قانون الإجراءات الجزائية قد ذكر " مخالفة قواعد جوهرية في الإجراءات" في حين ذكر قانون الإجراءات المدنية القديم " مخالفة أو إغفال قاعدة جوهرية في الإجراءات " بينما جاء قانون الإجراءات المدنية و الإدارية الجديد مفصلا بحيث ذكر وجهين اثنين و هما :

1. مخالفة قاعدة جوهرية في الإجراءات،

2. إغفال الأشكال الجوهرية للإجراءات،

و على كل حال فالمقصود هو مخالفة القاعدة الإجرائية و ذلك بتطبيقها على غير الوجه الذي أراده المشرع أو إغفال تطبيقها سهوًا أو عمدًا، ثم ضرورة أن تكون هذه القاعدة جوهرية و ليست ثانوية، و يمكن الوصول إلى تحديد ذلك من خلال ملاحظة الأثر الناجم عن مخالفة القاعدة المذكورة بالنسبة لمركز أي طرف في الدعوى أو حقوقه، فعندما تؤدي المخالفة إلى الإضرار بمركزه أو حقوقه تكون القاعدة الإجرائية التي وقعت مخالفتها جوهرية، و أما إذا لم يترتب على مخالفة الإجراء أي ضرر بالنسبة لمن يثير هذا الوجه فإن الإجراء يكون غير جوهري، و الحِكمة من وراء ذلك أن الإجراءات ذات أهمية بالغة في العمل القضائي نظرا لما يترتب عنها من حماية حقوق الأطراف في مواجهة بعضهم البعض، و من جهة أخرى ضبط تصرفات القضاة و مساعديهم و تجنيبهم قدر الإمكان احتمالات السهو أو الشطط أو الانحراف سهوا أو عمدا لصالح جهة دون الأخرى، و من جهة أخرى يشترط المشرع أن يكون الإجراء الذي وقعت مخالفته جوهريا حتى لا تكون أدنى المخالفات الشكلية البسيطة سببا للنقض مما يؤثر سلبا على حسن سير العدالة و يرهق كاهل الجهات القضائية دون فائدة .

و معيار التفرقة هذا وقع النص عليه في قانون الإجراءات الجزائية الفرنسي في المادة 802 منه التي تنص بأنه في حالة مخالفة الأوضاع الشكلية المنصوص عليها قانونا تحت طائلة البطلان أو عدم مراعاة الإجراءات الجوهرية ، فإن كل جهة حكم، بما في ذلك محكمة النقض، التي يقدم إليها طلب بطلان أو التي تثير تلقائيا هذه المخالفة ، لا يمكنها أن تصرح بالبطلان إلا إذا كان ينجرّ على هذه المخالفة مساس بحقوق الطرف الذي تعنيه.

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 1:

And we are as follows-first ring-two first and two second: breach or omission of a substantive rule. And the effect these two contrary judgment or decision contested for a substantive rule on actions taken during the proceedings or during adjudication or resolution, it should be noted that the legislator in the code of criminal procedure had stated "substantial violation" while the old code of civil procedure or the omission of an essential rule actions "while the code of civil procedure and the new management is detailed so sneaky said two and two :1. a substantial base in violation of procedures,2. the omission of essential forms for procedures, However, the intention was to rule violation of procedure, apply to non-face that legislator or omission will be applied inadvertently or intentionally, then this rule must be substantial and not secondary, and can access to determine this by observing the effect of the rule violation listed for any party to the proceedings or their rights, when the offense to damage his position or rights are procedural rule which occurredT. breach critical, and if the resulting infringement procedure no harm for this face that is insignificant, and the wisdom of that action is of paramount importance in view of the judicial work resulting from the protection of the rights of parties to meet each other, and on the other hand, adjust the actions of judges and their assistants and young prospects as possible omissions or abuse or deviation inadvertently or intentionally favour one hand without the other, and on the other hand, the legislator requires That is the procedure violated fundamental so as not be the slightest irregularities of form simple reason to veto which negatively affects the proper functioning of Justice and puts burden on judicial authorities. The standard differentiation that occurred in the French Code of criminal procedure, article 802 thereof, which provides that in the event of a contravention formal conditions legally prescribed under the invalidity or non-essential procedures, every rule, including the Court of Cassation, which submit a request for invalidity or automatically raises the offense, could not declare nullity unless these offending Wenger prejudice to the rights of the party who you mean.

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 2:

And we take are as follows - as a first - the first two faces and II and two: violation or omission of material base in the proceedings. And Advantaged two-sided violation of the judgment or the contested decision is essential to base the actions taken during the course of the proceedings or during sentencing or resolution, and must Note that the legislator in the Code of Criminal Procedure has stated "violation of fundamental rules in the proceedings," while mention the old Civil Procedure Law "violation or omission of material base in the proceedings," while the new civil procedure and administrative law came detailed so that said two faces and two: 1. Violation of a fundamental base in the proceedings, 2. Losing sight of the fundamental procedures shapes, and in any case is meant is a contravention of rule of procedure and that apply to non-face that he wanted the legislature or omission applied inadvertently or intentionally, then the need for this rule to be substantial and not a minor, and can be accessed determined by Note the impact of the violation of the rule stated for the center of any party to the proceedings or his rights, when the offense lead to damage his position or his rights are procedural rule that signed a substantial violation, and If not result in violation of the procedure of any damage for those who raise this face, the procedure is not essential, and the wisdom behind it that is of paramount importance in the judicial work procedures because of their ramifications of protecting the rights of the parties in the face of each other, and on the other hand adjust the actions of judges and their assistants and spare them as much as possible chances of omission or exaggeration or deviation inadvertently or intentionally in favor of the party without the other, and on the other hand, the legislator is required to be the action that occurred violating essential so as not to be lower irregularities formal Statistics reason for the veto, which negatively affect the proper administration of justice and exhausting burden on the judicial authorities to no avail. and standard distinction that signed the text in French law of Criminal Procedure in article 802, which states that in case of violation of the formal conditions provided for by law under penalty of nullity or non-observance of the fundamental procedures, each point of the rule, including the Court of Cassation, which report to the request null and void or that automatically raise this violation , it can not be authorized unless the invalidity was dragged to the offense prejudice to the rights the party that you mean.

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 3:

We are as follows. As the first faces first and second and are contrary to or omission of a material in the process.

Damage to those who would face the action is not essential, and Alhekmt behind so that actions are extremely important in judicial work, owing to its by the protection of the rights of the parties against each other, and, on the other hand, behavior controlAnd the effect of these objects of infringement or the contested decision for the essential actions taken during the proceedings or during sentencing, resolution, and must be noted the legislator has stated "the violation of fundamental rules in the code of criminal procedureThe procedures stated, "while the old Civil Procedure Law" violation or omission of a material in action "while the new code of civil and administrative proceedings in detail so as to the two sides two, are:After all, any violation of procedural rule and then apply to face, who wanted the legislature or the omission of their Shwana or willfully, then the need to this rule is essential, not peripheral, and can access the identified byThe effect of violating the rule stated for any party to the proceedings, rights, when a violation leads to impairment of its status, rights are procedural rule that took place. Fundamental breach, and if the consequences of violating the procedureDamage to those who would face the action is not essential, and Alhekmt behind so that actions are extremely important in judicial work, owing to its by the protection of the rights of the parties against each other, and, on the other hand, behavior controlAnd their assistants and spared as much as possible possible omissions and excesses, inadvertently or deliberately skewed to one side but not the other, and on the other hand, required the legislature to be the action took place against material so as not to be less formal irregularities.

1. Violation of a substantive action,

2. Omission of material forms the procedure,

.Enjoy and have a negative impact on the proper administration of justice, and placed a great burden on court without benefit.

The criterion of distinction that occurred in the French penal code article 802, which provides that in cases of violation of the formal conditions provided for by law under the the pain of nullity or non observance of the essential activities, all on one side.